Tsvagiridzo yeMurwi Leaching yeYakaderera-Giredhi uye Yakakwira-Clay Oxidized Goridhe Ore

1. ziviso

Muminda yekuchera goridhe, kushandiswa kwematombo egoridhe ane goridhe rakaderera uye rakanyungudutswa nevhu rakawanda kwave kukosha zvakanyanya nekuda kwekudzikira kwezviwanikwa zvegoridhe repamusoro. Mhando idzi dzematombo dzinozivikanwa nekuva negoridhe rakaderera uye huwandu hwakawanda hwezvicherwa zvevhu, izvo zvinopa matambudziko makuru kune nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira goridhe. Kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo akawanda kwave nzira inoshanda uye inoshanda yekurapa matombo akadaro, zvichigonesa kuburitswa kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvakawanda zvisina goridhe. Chinyorwa chino chinopa chidzidzo chakakwana pamusoro pekubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo egoridhe ane goridhe rakaderera uye rakanyungudutswa nevhu rakawanda, nechinangwa chekuvandudza maitiro ekubvisa goridhe uye kuvandudza mwero wekudzoreredza goridhe.

2. Hunhu hweLow-Grade uye High-Clay Oxidized Gold Ore

Yakaderera-giredhi oxidized goridhe ores kazhinji ine giredhi regoridhe pazasi 2 g/t, zvichiita kuti kutorwa kwavo kwehupfumi kuome. Iyo yakakwira ivhu yemukati mune aya ores inogona kukonzera matambudziko senge kusakwana kwekupinda, agglomeration, uye yakanyanya kushandiswa kweleaching reagents. Clay minerals, senge kaolinite, montmorillonite, uye illite, inogona kushambadza maion egoridhe uye kukanganisa maitiro ekudonha. Pamusoro pezvo, saizi yakatsetseka yemaminerari evhu inogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kwedense layer mumurwi weore, kuderedza kusangana pakati pemushonga weLeaching nemaminerari ane goridhe.

3. Kuedza Methodology

3.1 Ore Sampling uye Characterization

Muenzaniso wemumiriri weiyo yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized ore yegoridhe yakaunganidzwa kubva kunzvimbo yekuchera. Iyo ore sampuli yakaongororwa nekuda kwemakemikari ayo, mineralogy, uye chimiro chemuviri. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) yakashandiswa kuona iyo yekutanga kuumbwa, ukuwo X-ray diffraction (XRD) yakashandiswa kuona zvikamu zvemamineral. Particle saizi yekuongorora yakaitwa pachishandiswa sieve shaker kuti tinzwisise kugovaniswa kwehukuru hwezvimedu zveore.

3.2 Column Leaching Experiments

Kuyedza kubvisa simbi mucolumn kwakaitwa kuti kufananidzire maitiro ekubviswa kwesimbi muhump. Sampuro yesimbi yakapwanywa ndokuongororwa kuti ive nehukuru hwakasiyana hwezvimedu. Macolum ane dhayamita ye 10 cm uye kureba kwe 100 cm akazadzwa nemasampuli esimbi. Kuyedza kwakaitwa kuti kuongorore mhedzisiro yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira saizi yesimbi mucolumn, chiyero che calcium oxide (CaO), huwandu hweSodium Cyanide (NaCN) mumushonga wekubviswa kwesimbi, uye nguva yekubviswa kwesimbi, pachiyero chekubviswa kwesimbi mucolumn.

3.3 Optimization yeMatanho Paramita

Maitiro ekugadzirisa akagadziridzwa kuburikidza nekutevedzana kweimwe-chinhu chekuedza. Iyo ore particle size yaive yakasiyana kubva -20 mm kusvika -5 mm, uye CaO dosage yakagadziridzwa kubva pa1% kusvika 5% yeore mass. Iyo NaCN yekumisikidza mumhinduro yeLeaching yakashandurwa kubva pa0.05% kuenda ku0.2%, uye nguva yeleaching yakawedzerwa kubva pamazuva gumi kusvika kumazuva makumi matatu. Chiyero chegoridhe chekutengesa chakaongororwa nguva nenguva nekuongorora goridhe zvirimo muleachate uchishandisa atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).

4. Mhedzisiro uye Kukurukurirana

4.1 Mhedzisiro yeOre Particle Saizi

Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kudzikisira saizi yeore yakavandudza zvakanyanya mwero wegoridhe. Kana saizi yeore yaive -5 mm, chiyero chegoridhe chakasvika 85% mushure memazuva makumi maviri ekudonha, nepo -20 mm saizi yechikamu, chiyero chekudonha chaingove makumi matanhatu%. Iro diki saizi yakawedzera nzvimbo yeore, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana pakati pemushonga weLeaching nemamineral ane goridhe. Nekudaro, hukuru hwakanyanya kunaka twudiki hunogona zvakare kutungamirira kumatambudziko akadai sekushaya kukwana uye kuwedzera kwevhu kukanganiswa kwemaminerari.

4.2 Kufurirwa kweCaO Dosage

Kuwedzera CaO kumurwi weore kunogona kuvandudza kupenya kweore uye kugadzirisa kukosha kwepH yemhinduro yekudonha. Iyo yakakwana CaO dosage yakawanikwa iine 3% ye ore mass. Pamuyero uyu, mwero wegoridhe wekutengesa wakawedzerwa. Kudzikira kweCaO dosage kwakakonzera kusakwana pH kugadziridzwa uye kushomeka kwemvura, nepo dosi yepamusoro inogona kukonzera kunyanyisa kushandiswa kweleaching reagents uye matambudziko angangove ezvakatipoteredza.

4.3 Mhedzisiro yeNaCN Concentration

Kuwanda kweNaCN mumushonga wekudonhedza mvura kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya mwero wekudonhedza mvura kubva mugoridhe. Sezvo huwandu hweNaCN hwakawedzera kubva pa0.05% kusvika pa0.15%, mwero wekudonhedza mvura kubva mugoridhe wakawedzera kubva pa70% kusvika pa90%. Zvisinei, kuwedzera huwandu hweNaCN kusvika pa0.2% hakuna kukonzera kuvandudzika kukuru muhuwandu hwekudonhedza mvura uye kwakawedzerawo njodzi dzemitengo nedzenharaunda dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwecyanide.

4.4 Nguva Yekudzidzisa

Iyo goridhe leaching rate yakawedzera nekuwedzera kwenguva yeleaching. Mushure memazuva makumi maviri nemashanu ekucheneswa, kunyudzwa kwegoridhe kwakasvika pabani, zvichiratidza kuti yakawanda yegoridhe raibviswa rakanga ranyungudika. Kurebesa nguva yeleaching kupfuura iyi poindi hakuna kukonzeresa kuwedzera kwakakosha muyero yeleaching asi yakawedzera mutengo wakazara wekuita.

5. Mhedziso

Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti murwi wekucheka inzira inoshanda yekurapa yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized goridhe ores. Nekukwenenzvera maparamita ekuita, anosanganisira ore particle size, CaO dosage, NaCN concentration, uye leaching time, yakakwira goridhe leaching rate inosvika 90% inogona kuwanikwa. Mamiriro akakwana akatemerwa sezvizvi: saizi ye ore particle ye -5 mm, CaO dosage ye3%, NaCN concentration ye0.15% muleaching solution, uye leaching time yemazuva makumi maviri nemashanu. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinopa ruzivo rwakakosha rwekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kwemurwi wekucheka murwi mukutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized zvicherwa zvegoridhe, zvichibatsira mukusimukira kwakasimba kweindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe.