Kuderedza Kushandiswa kweSodium Cyanide muGoridhe Concentrate Leaching

ziviso

Muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe, nzira yekuisa goridhe mugomba inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakubvisa goridhe kubva mugoridhe . Sodium cyanide inoita basa guru mukuita uku sezvo ichiita basa rayo negoridhe kugadzira soluble gold cyanide complexes, iyo inogona kugadziriswa zvakare kuti goridhe ridzorerwe. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwe sodium cyanide hakungowedzere mari yekugadzira chete asiwo kunokonzera kunetseka kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwechepfu yecyanide. Nokudaro, kuwana nzira dzinoshanda dzekuderedza kushandiswa kweSodium Cyanide mukuita kwekubvisa goridhe kunokosha zvikuru nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehupfumi nezvakatipoteredza.

Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Sodium Cyanide Kushandiswa

Mineralogy yeGoridhe Concentrate

Kuumbwa kwegoridhe rakawanda kune simba guru pakushandiswa kweSodium cyanide . Zvicherwa zvakaita sepyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, nezvimwe zvicherwa zvesulfide zvinogona kuita pamwe necyanide neoxygen panguva yekubviswa kwechinhu. Semuenzaniso, pyrite inogona kuoxidized kana paine oksijeni necyanide, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi-cyanide uye kudya cyanide panguva iyi. Uyezve, zvicherwa zvemhangura zvinogonawo kukonzera kushandiswa kwakawanda kwecyanide. Mhangura inoita kuti cyanide complexes dzigadzikane, uye kana paine mhangura yakawanda mumushonga wekubviswa kwechinhu, huwandu hwesodium cyanide hunofanira kuwedzerwa kuti gold irambe ichibviswa, zvichiwedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide.

Leaching Conditions

pH Kukosha

Iyo pH yeiyo leaching slurry chinhu chakakosha. Cyanide iripo mumhando dzakasiyana pane akasiyana pH mazinga. Pa pH yakaderera, cyanide inogona kuita hydrolyze kuumba hydrogen cyanide, chinhu chinoputika uye chinokuvadza. Kuti udzivise izvi, iyo leaching system pH inowanzo chengetwa yakakwirira, kazhinji kutenderera 10 - 11.5. Asi iyo pH yakawandisa inogona kukanganisa maitiro ekuregedza, sekudzikisa kuita kwemamwe ma enzymes kana kukonzera kunaya kwemaion simbi, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa basa reLeaching uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide.

Aeration uye Oxygen Supply

Okisijeni yakakwana yakakosha pakuita goridhe oxidation uye kuumbwa kwegoridhe-cyanide complexes. Kusakwana kweaeration kana kuderera kweokisijeni mazinga anogona kudzikamisa maitiro ekuita leaching, zvichikonzera kubviswa kusina kukwana uye zvinogona kumanikidza kuwedzera kwecyanide kuti uwane mhedzisiro iri nani. Kune rimwe divi, aeration yakawandisa inogona kutungamira kune kusingakodzeri oxidation yemamwe maminerari mukati me concentrate, zvakare kutyaira kukwira cyanide kushandiswa.

Maitiro ekudzikisa Sodium Cyanide Kushandiswa

Pretreatment of Gold Concentrate

Oxidative Pretreatment

Oxidative pretreatment nzira dzinogona kubvisa kana kugadzirisa cyanide-inopedza zvicherwa mugoridhe. Kugocha inzira yakajairika, uko kudziyisa iyo concentrate muhupo hweokisijeni inosanganisa zvicherwa zve sulfide uye inoshandura maminerari ane iron kuita akanyanya kugadzikana, achideredza reactivity yavo ne cyanide panguva inotevera leaching. Zvakadaro, kugocha kune zvimhingamupinyi zvakaita sekushandiswa kwesimba kwakanyanya uye kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo. Bio-oxidation, uchishandisa tupukanana twakadai seThiobacillus ferrooxidans, inyoro, ine simba rinowedzera, uye eco-shamwari. Iyo inosarudza oxidizes sulfide zvicherwa, zvinobudirira kubvisa izvo zvinodya cyanide uye kudzikisa iyo sodium cyanide inodiwa muleaching.

Flotation yeMhangura Kubviswa

Kana goridhe rinonangana riine huwandu hwakakosha hwemhangura zvicherwa, flotation inogona kushandiswa sedanho rekutanga. Nekuparadzanisa zvicherwa zvemhangura kubva kune chikamu chinotakura goridhe, inoderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwecyanide kunokonzerwa nemhangura-cyanide yakaoma kuumbwa. Iyo yakasara yegoridhe-yakapfuma concentrate inogona kubva yapinda cyanide leaching ine yakaderera sodium cyanide dosage.

Optimization yeLeaching Conditions

Kudzora pH

Kuchengeta pH yakakodzera uye yakagadzikana kwakakosha. Lime inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirisa pH yeleaching slurry. Haisi kungosimudza pH kudzivirira cyanide hydrolysis asi inobatsirawo kuderedza kushandiswa kwe cyanide nekupesvedzera chiyero cheleaching yemhangura uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemamwe makomisheni anoshandisa cyanide. Zvisinei, huwandu hweraimu hunofanira kunyatsodzorwa, sezvo lime yakawandisa inogona kukonzera kunaya kweiyoni yesimbi inobatsira kana kuwedzera slurry viscosity, ichitadzisa reactant diffusion. Tsvagiridzo yekuyedza inoratidza kuti kuwedzera inenge 1 - 2 kg/t yeraimu kugadzirisa pH kusvika pa10.5 - 11.5 kazhinji kunowana mibairo yakanaka mukuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide uku uchichengetedza goridhe rakakwira.

Optimizing Aeration

Kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwegoridhe leaching ine shoma sodium cyanide, iyo aeration rate inoda optimization. Zvizhinji zvegoridhe cyanidation zvidyarwa zvinoshandisa yakaderera-kudzvanya, isina mafuta-isina mhepo compressor yekugovera mhepo. Matekinoroji akaita sekuisa diki-gomba hood pakupera kwepombi yekupa mhepo kugadzira akawanda madiki-diameter mabhubhu anogona kuwedzera nzvimbo yekubatana pakati peokisijeni neleaching slurry, kuwedzera goridhe oxidation kushanda zvakanaka uye kuderedza kusingakodzeri kushandiswa kwecyanide. Kuisa cheki vharuvhu kudzivirira kuyerera kwemhepo zvakare kunodzikamisa iyo aeration system. Kugadzirisa mwero weaeration zvichienderana nehunhu hweiyo concentrate uye leaching mamiriro anobatsira kuchengetedza yakaringana oxygen kutenderera muslurry, kusimudzira goridhe leaching uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide.

Kushandisa Additives

Lead-Based Additives

Kuwedzera lead-based additives, senge lead nitrate, isati yasvika cyanide leaching inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide. Maion ekutungamirira anoita netsvina senge sulfide ions mugoridhe inonangana kuti igadzire mvura isinganyungudika, ichideredza kupindira kwavo mukuita leaching uye kushandiswa kwecyanide. Semuyenzaniso, pakusveta simbi yegoridhe ine yakakwira sulfide mineral content, kuwedzera 300 - 600 g/t ye lead nitrate pamwe chete nealkali pretreatment kwemaawa maviri - 2 kunogona kuderedza kudyiwa kwe sodium cyanide kubva pa3 - 2500 g/t kusvika 3000 - 1200 g/t uye kuwedzera 1500% yegoridhe leaching rate ne2%.

Alternative Lixiviants kana Additives

Mamwe mamwe ma-lixiviants kana ekuwedzera anogona kushandiswa necyanide kuderedza kudyiwa kwecyanide. Glycine, isiri-chepfu, inogona kushandiswazve, uye biodegradable amino acid, ndiyo imwe sarudzo yakadaro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, glycine-based leaching tekinoroji yakawana yakakosha kuderedzwa kwecyanide uku ichichengetedza goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo yakafanana neyechinyakare cyanidation nzira. Kuwedzera chaiwo ma surfactants anogona zvakare kunatsiridza kunyorova kwegoridhe zvimedu uye kupararira kwezvinoita mune leaching slurry, zvichigona kubatsira kudzikisa mashandisiro e sodium cyanide kusvika pamwero wakati.

mhedziso

Kuderedza kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide mukugadzirwa kwegold concentrate ibasa rakaoma asi rakakosha. Nekunzwisisa zvinhu zvinopesvedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide uye kushandisa nzira dzakadai sekurapa usati watanga, kugadzirisa mamiriro ekubviswa kwe sodium, uye kushandisa zvinowedzera, kuderedza kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kunogona kuitwa. Izvi zvinobatsira mabhizinesi ekuchera goridhe nekuderedza mari yekugadzira uye zvinobatsira kuderedza njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzinoenderana nekushandiswa kwecyanide. Kuenderera mberi nekutsvaga nekuvandudza munzvimbo iyi zvinotarisirwa kuunza maitiro ekubvisa goridhe anoshanda uye ane hushamwari kune nharaunda mune ramangwana.