Amapharamitha Abalulekile Athinta Izinga Lokubuyisela Igolide ku-Sodium Cyanide Leaching

Isingeniso

Sodium i-cyanide i-leaching iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezimayini zegolide ukuze kukhishwe igolide etsheni. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kokubuyiswa kwegolide kule nqubo kuthonywa imingcele eminingana ebalulekile. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlaka kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni inqubo ye-leaching, ukwandisa ukutholakala kwegolide, nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Lesi sihloko sizocubungula izici eziyinhloko ezithinta i- Izinga lokutholwa kwegolide Ngesikhathi I-sodium cyanide ukuvuza.

Ukugaya Fineness

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-cyanide, insimbi yegolide idinga ukukhishwa ngaphambili, ukugaya kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile. Inhloso yokugaya ukufeza ukuhlukaniswa kwegolide kwe-monomer, ukuhlukanisa namaminerali e-ganggue ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma igolide ku-ore lishunyekwe kahle noma limboziwe, ukucoleka okufanelekile kokugaya kubalulekile. Uma ukugaya kumaholoholo, izinhlayiya zegolide zingase zingavezwa ngokugcwele, okuholela ekulethweni okungaphelele kanye nezinga eliphansi lokutholwa kwegolide. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugaya ngokweqile akukhulisi nje kuphela izindleko zokugaya kodwa futhi kuletha imithelela engemihle. Izinhlayiya ezingaphezulu komhlaba zingase zethule ukungcola okwengeziwe okuvuzayo ku-leachate, engasabela ngesisombululo se-cyanide, okuholela ekumoshweni kwe-cyanide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugaya ngokweqile kungabangela ubunzima ekuhlukaniseni okuqinile - okuwuketshezi, futhi kungase kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwegolide elincibilikisiwe. Ngokuvamile, kutshe legolide elinegolide lemvelo elicolekile, usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokugaya ongu-38 μm onesilinganiso sokuqukethwe esingu-75% ungaqinisekisa umphumela ongcono wokuvuzwa ngenkathi ulawula izindleko zokugaya.

Umthamo we-sodium cyanide

Inani la I-Sodium Cyanide okwengezwe enqubweni yokucwiliswa kwe-leaching kunomthelela omkhulu kuzinga lokutholwa kwegolide. Phakathi kwebanga elithile, inani le-cyanide lilingana nezinga le-leaching ye-pulp ore yegolide. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-cyanide kuphansi, umphumela wokucwiliswa kwegolide uba mubi, futhi isivinini sokuvuza sihamba kancane. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhuphula isikhathi esidingekayo sokucwiliswa kwegolide kodwa futhi kungase kubangele ukucwiliswa kwegolide okungaphelele, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise izinga lokutholwa kwegolide. Kodwa-ke, uma inani le-cyanide liphezulu kakhulu, ngemva kokuba ukusebenza kahle kwegolide kufinyelela ezingeni elithile, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokutholwa kwegolide ngeke kubonakale. Kunalokho, kuzodala ukumoshakala kwe-cyanide futhi kwenyuse izindleko zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, lapho ukhipha ukugxiliswa kwegolide ku-ore yegolide ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane, i Umthamo we-sodium cyanide ifaneleka kakhulu ku-1.5 - 3.0 kg/t. Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, izitshalo zezimayini zidinga ukunquma inani elifanele le i-sodium cyanide ngokwezimpawu ze-ore yabo kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhlomula.

Inani likaLime

I-lime yengezwa kwisisombululo se-cyanide njenge-alkali evikelayo. Amayoni e-cyanide esixazululweni anezindawo zamakhemikhali ezingazinzile futhi kulula ukuvuvukala njengegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, okuzobangela ukulahleka kwesisombululo se-sodium cyanide. Ngokungeza i-lime, i-pulp ingagcinwa ku-alkalinity efanelekile, esiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesisombululo se-cyanide. Ngokokuhlaziywa kokuhlolwa, izinga lokucwiliswa kwegolide nalo lithuthukiswa kakhulu ngemva kokwengeza umcako. Uma inani lika-lime elengeziwe lingu-2 kg/t nangaphezulu, inani le-pH le-pulp liphakathi kuka-11 - 12. futhi izinga lokuvuza kwegolide ku-pulp lizinzile. Kodwa-ke, uma inani lomcako likhulu kakhulu, lingase libe nomthelela ongemuhle enqubweni yokucwiliswa kwamanzi, njengokushintsha izici zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-pulp, okungase kuthinte ukusabela phakathi kwe-cyanide negolide.

I-Leaching Pulp Concentration

Ukugxiliswa kwe-pulp ye-leaching kuyisici esithinta ngokuqondile isivinini sokuvuza nokusebenza kahle kwegolide. Ngokuvamile, lapho ukugxiliswa kwe-pulp yokucwilisa iphansi, ukumanzi kwe-pulp kuhle, okulungele ukuxhumana phakathi kwesisombululo se-cyanide nezinhlayiya zegolide, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukusebenza kahle kokugxilisa igolide kuzoba phezulu. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sidinga ukwanda kwenani le-ejenti eyengeziwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubukhulu bemishini kanye nezindleko zokutshala izimali nazo zizokhuphuka. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma ukugxiliswa kwe-pulp kuphezulu kakhulu, i-viscosity ye-pulp izokhuphuka, u-fluidity uzoba mpofu, okuzovimbela ukusabalalisa kwesisombululo se-cyanide kanye nokuxhumana nezinhlayiya zegolide, okuholela ekwehleni kwejubane le-leaching nokusebenza kahle kwegolide. Ngensimbi yegolide enosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezicolekile, ukugxila kwe-pulp kungagcinwa cishe ku-20% - 33% ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela omuhle wokuvuza. Emkhiqizweni wangempela, izitshalo zezimayini zingalungisa ngokufanelekile ukugxila ngokwesimo esithile, kodwa akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu.

Isikhathi Sokuvula

Isikhathi sokukhipha amanzi siphinde sibe yisici esibalulekile esithinta izinga lokutholwa kwegolide ohlelweni lwe-cyanidation. Ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokukhipha amanzi kungaqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlayiya zegolide zihlakazeka ngokugcwele. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuchithwa kwezinhlayiya zegolide, okunye ukungcola ku-pulp nakho kuzoqhubeka nokuncibilika. Njengoba isikhathi sokucwiliswa sikhula, ukuncibilika okuqhubekayo nokunqwabelana kwalokhu kungcola kungase kuphazamise ukuncibilika kwegolide, futhi kuvimbele nokucwiliswa kwegolide. Ukwengeza, isikhathi eside kakhulu sokukhipha amanzi sidinga ukucushwa kwemishini emikhulu yokugezela kanye nezindawo, okuzokhuphula izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngensimbi yegolide enosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezicolekile, kungcono ukugcina isikhathi se-cyanidation leaching cishe amahora ama-4. Uma isikhathi sokucwiliswa singaphezu kwamahora angu-24, ukucwiliswa kwegolide cishe kuzovinjelwa, futhi ukugxiliswa kwe-ion yegolide oketshezini oluyigugu nakho kuzokwehla.

Isiphetho

In the Ukukhishwa kwe-sodium cyanide inqubo yokukhipha igolide, amapharamitha afana nokucoleka kokugaya, umthamo we-sodium cyanide, inani le-lime, ukugxilwa kwe-pulp evuzayo, kanye nesikhathi sokukhipha igolide konke kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izinga lokutholwa kwegolide. Izitshalo zezimayini kufanele zenze uhlolo oluningiliziwe lokuhlomula ngokwezimpawu ze-ore yazo ukuze zandise le mingcele. Ngokwenza kanjalo, abakwazi nje ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuthola igolide kodwa futhi banciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nemithelela yemvelo, bazuze intuthuko esimeme embonini yezimayini zegolide.