Kula da ƙimar pH na Maganin Sodium Cyanide a cikin Tuba Leaching don Haƙar Zinare

1. Gabatarwa

Heap leaching yana tsaye a matsayin fasaha na yau da kullun don fitar da zinare daga ma'adanai marasa daraja. A cikin wannan tsari, Sodium cyanide Ana amfani da maganin akai-akai azaman wakili na leaching. Daga cikin abubuwa masu yawa da ke tasiri inganci da amincin tudun leaching, sarrafa ƙimar pH na Sodium Cyanide Solution yana da matuƙar mahimmanci.

2. Ka'idodin Chemical Ƙarƙashin Kula da ƙimar pH

2.1 Ra'ayin Rushewar Zinariya

Lokacin amfani sodium Cyanide bayani ga leach zinariya, wani takamaiman sinadaran dauki faruwa. A karkashin yanayin alkaline, wannan amsa ya fi tasiri. A lokacin dauki. cyanide ions a cikin maganin suna hulɗa da zinariya. Wannan hulɗar yana haifar da samuwar zinari mai narkewa - cyanide complexes, wanda ke ba da damar cire zinari daga ma'adinai.

2.2 Cyanide Stability da pH

Cyanide yana wanzuwa a cikin ma'auni a cikin mafita. Cyanide zai iya amsawa tare da ions hydrogen da ke cikin maganin. Lokacin da maganin ya fi acidic (ƙananan ƙimar pH), wannan halayen yana haifar da samuwar hydrogen cyanide, iskar gas mai guba sosai. Wannan ba kawai yana haifar da asarar cyanide ba, yana ƙara yawan amfani da leaching wakili, amma kuma yana haifar da mummunar barazana ga lafiya da lafiyar ma'aikata saboda gubar hydrogen cyanide. Sabili da haka, kiyaye ƙimar pH mai dacewa na alkaline yana da mahimmanci. Yana taimakawa rage samuwar iskar hydrogen cyanide kuma yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na cyanide a cikin mafita don ingantaccen leaching na gwal.

3. Mafi kyawun ƙimar pH

Yawanci, a cikin mahallin Heap Leaching don Haƙar Zinare ta yin amfani da sodium cyanide Magani, mafi kyawun ƙimar pH gabaɗaya ana ɗaukarsa tsakanin 10 da 11.5.

3.1 pH a ƙasa Mafi kyawun Rage

Idan ƙimar pH na maganin sodium cyanide ya faɗi ƙasa da 10. da yawa mummunan sakamako na iya faruwa. Da fari dai, ƙimar da zinare ke narkewa zai ragu sosai. Halin da ke tsakanin gwal da ions cyanide ya zama ƙasa da kyau, yana haifar da ƙananan haɓakar haɓakar zinariya daga ma'adinan. Na biyu, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, samuwar iskar hydrogen cyanide zai karu. Wannan yana da matukar haɗari ga ma'aikata a yankin hakar ma'adinai kuma yana da mummunan tasiri ga muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, a ƙananan ƙimar pH, wasu ƙazanta a cikin ma'adinan na iya narkar da su cikin sauri, suna yin katsalandan ga samuwar gwanayen - cyanide complexes da kuma ƙara rage yawan leaching na zinariya.

3.2 pH Sama da Mafi kyawun Rage

Kodayake halayen da ke tsakanin zinari da ion cyanide suna da fifiko a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline, idan darajar pH ta yi yawa (sama da 11.5), matsalolin kuma zasu iya tashi. Yawan alkalinity na iya haifar da hazo na wasu karfen hydroxides. Misali, ions karfe kamar iron, aluminum, da calcium dake cikin tama na iya samar da hydroxides maras narkewa. Waɗannan hydroxides waɗanda ba za su iya narkewa ba suna iya rufe saman ɓangarorin tama. Wannan rufin rufi na iya hana hulɗar da ke tsakanin maganin sodium cyanide da zinariya - ma'adinan da ke ɗauke da shi, ta yadda za a rage yawan leaching na zinariya. Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar pH mafi girma na iya buƙatar ƙarin ƙarin abubuwan alkaline, ƙara yawan farashin tsari.

4. Hanyoyi don Daidaita ƙimar pH

4.1 Lemun tsami (Calcium Hydroxide)

Lemun tsami yana ɗaya daga cikin sinadaran da aka fi amfani da su don daidaita ƙimar pH na maganin sodium cyanide a cikin leaching na tarin abubuwa. Idan aka ƙara lemun tsami a cikin maganin, yana amsawa da ruwa. Wannan amsawar tana fitar da ions na hydroxide, wanda ke ƙara ƙimar pH na maganin, yana mai da shi alkaline. Lemun tsami yana da arha kuma yana da sauƙin isa gare shi, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama sanannen zaɓi ga manyan ayyukan leaching na tarin abubuwa. Duk da haka, lokacin amfani da lemun tsami, dole ne a kula da yawansa. Ƙara lemun tsami da yawa na iya haifar da matsaloli kamar samar da sikelin bututu da kayan aiki. Wannan saboda calcium da ke cikin lemun tsami na iya amsawa da CarbonAn narkar da ions a cikin ruwan da aka narkar don samar da sinadarin calcium carbonate.

4.2 Soda (Sodium Hydroxide)

Sodium hydroxide wani ingantaccen pH - wakili mai daidaitawa. Lokacin da aka ƙara zuwa sodium cyanide bayani, ya rabu cikin ruwa. Wannan dissociation yana sakin ions hydroxide, wanda zai iya ƙara ƙimar pH na maganin da sauri. Idan aka kwatanta da lemun tsami, sodium hydroxide yana da sauri da madaidaicin pH - tasirin daidaitawa. Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa a cikin yanayi inda ake buƙatar daidaitawa da sauri da daidaito na ƙimar pH, kamar a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje - gwaje-gwajen ma'auni ko wasu ƙananan ayyukan leaching. Duk da haka, sodium hydroxide ya fi tsada fiye da lemun tsami, wanda zai iya iyakance aikace-aikacensa a cikin manyan masana'antu na masana'antu.

5. Kulawa da Kula da ƙimar pH

5.1 pH Sensors

Don tabbatar da cewa ƙimar pH na maganin sodium cyanide a cikin tsari na leaching ya kasance a cikin mafi kyawun kewayon, ana amfani da firikwensin pH don sa ido na gaske. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin pH su ne na'urori waɗanda za su iya gano adadin ions hydrogen a cikin maganin. Suna canza wannan maida hankali zuwa siginar lantarki mai dacewa, wanda aka gabatar dashi azaman ƙimar pH. Wadannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin yawanci ana sanya su a wurare masu mahimmanci a cikin tsarin leaching, kamar a cikin tankunan ajiya na maganin leaching, bututun don isar da maganin leaching zuwa tudun, da mashigar tudun bayan aikin leaching. Ta ci gaba da sa ido kan ƙimar pH, masu aiki za su iya gano kowane sabani da sauri daga kewayon mafi kyau kuma su ɗauki matakan gyara masu dacewa.

5.2 Tsarukan Sarrafa Mai sarrafa kansa

A cikin ayyukan leaching na zamani, tsarin sarrafawa mai sarrafa kansa galibi ana haɗa su tare da na'urori masu auna firikwensin pH don cimma daidaito da ingantaccen sarrafa ƙimar pH. Ana iya tsara waɗannan tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik don daidaita adadin pH ta atomatik - wakilai masu daidaitawa (kamar lemun tsami ko soda) dangane da ainihin bayanan ƙimar pH da na'urori masu auna sigina suka gano. Misali, idan ƙimar pH na maganin ya faɗi ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik, tsarin sarrafawa mai sarrafa kansa zai ƙara yawan kwararar ruwan lemun tsami ko maganin sodium hydroxide da ake ƙara zuwa maganin leaching don haɓaka ƙimar pH. Sabanin haka, idan ƙimar pH ta wuce iyakar babba, tsarin zai rage adadin pH - wakili mai daidaitawa. Wannan hanyar sarrafawa ta atomatik ba kawai tana inganta daidaiton ƙimar ƙimar pH ba amma har ma yana rage ƙarfin aiki na ma'aikata kuma yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da ci gaba da aikin leaching.

6. Kammalawa

A cikin tarin tsiro don hakar gwal ta amfani da maganin sodium cyanide, tsananin kulawa da ƙimar pH na maganin yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci. Madaidaicin ƙimar pH tsakanin 10 zuwa 11.5 yana tabbatar da ingantaccen narkar da gwal, yana rage yawan amfani da cyanide, kuma yana ba da garantin amincin ma'aikata da muhalli. Ta hanyar amfani da pH masu dacewa - masu daidaitawa kamar lemun tsami da soda, da aiwatar da sa ido na ainihi - lokaci da sarrafawa ta atomatik ta hanyar na'urori masu auna sigina na pH da tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik, kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na iya inganta tsarin leaching, haɓaka ƙimar dawo da zinariya, da rage farashin aiki. Yayin da buƙatun zinariya ke ci gaba da girma, ci gaba da bincike da haɓaka fasahar sarrafa ƙimar pH za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaba mai dorewa na masana'antar hakar gwal.