Udindo wa Hydrogen Peroxide mu Sodium Cyanide Leaching process

Introduction

Pankhani yochotsa golide ndi njira zina zobwezeretsa zitsulo, kuyatsa kwa cyanide , makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide , kwakhala njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa zaka zoposa zana. Njirayi, yomwe imapanga ma complexes achitsulo chosungunuka , ndi yothandiza koma ikukumana ndi mavuto angapo. Vuto lalikulu ndi liwiro lochepa la kuchitapo kanthu komanso kufunikira kwa mpweya wokwanira kuti usungunuke zitsulo monga golide. Apa ndi pomwe hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) yawonekera ngati chowonjezera chodalirika kuti chiwongolere njira yoyatsa kwa cyanide.

Zoyambira za Cyanide Leaching

Cyanide leaching imagwira ntchito chifukwa ma cyanide ions amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zitsulo kuti apange zinthu zokhazikika komanso zosungunuka. Pankhani yochotsa golide, mpweya umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati okosijeni. Imathandiza kusintha golide kukhala mawonekedwe omwe angaphatikizidwe ndi ayoni a cyanide, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chosungunuka chomwe chimatha kukonzedwanso kuti mupeze golide. Komabe, mu miyala yambiri, mpweya womwe umapezeka mwachibadwa kuchokera mumlengalenga nthawi zambiri siwokwanira. Kuperewera kumeneku kumabweretsa kuchitapo kanthu pang'onopang'ono komanso kutulutsa zitsulo kosakwanira.

Momwe Hydrogen Peroxide Imathandizira mu Kutulutsa kwa Cyanide

1. Kupereka Oxygen

Hydrogen peroxide ndi amphamvu okosijeni wothandizira. Akawonjezeredwa ku cyanide leaching solution, amasweka ndi kutulutsa mpweya. Mpweya wowonjezera wa okosijeniwu umathandizira kwambiri kutulutsa kwazitsulo panthawi ya leaching. Mu miyala yomwe ili ndi mchere wa sulfide, mwachitsanzo, makutidwe ndi okosijeni a sulfide awa ndi okosijeni ndikofunikira kuti amasule golide mkati. Mpweya wotulutsidwa ndi hydrogen peroxide ukhoza kufulumizitsa sitepe iyi ya okosijeni, kupangitsa kuti cyanide ikhale yosavuta kuchita ndi golide pambuyo pake.

2. Kufulumizitsa Mlingo wa Leaching

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti hydrogen peroxide imatha kuonjezera liwiro la cyanide leaching process. Sizimangopereka mpweya wowonjezera; imagwiranso ntchito pamachitidwe amankhwala omwe amaphwanya zigawo zoteteza pamwamba pa particles ore. Nthawi zina, zitsulo za sulfide kapena mchere wina zimapanga zosanjikiza pa golide - zokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalepheretsa cyanide kufika pagolide. Hydrogen peroxide imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zigawo izi, mwina pozipaka oxidizing kapena kuzigawanitsa kudzera m'machitidwe a free radicals opangidwa pakuwola kwake. Izi zimathandiza kuti ma cyanide ions azitha kupeza golidi mosavuta, motero amawonjezera kuchuluka komwe golide amasungunuka.

3. Kuchepetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Cyanide

Pachikhalidwe cha cyanide leaching, cyanide yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati pochita ndi golidi komanso m'mbali mwa ma ion achitsulo omwe amapezeka mu ore, monga mkuwa, zinki, ndi chitsulo. Zochita zam'mbali izi zimachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a golide - cyanide ndikuwonjezera mtengo wanthawi zonse wa leaching. Hydrogen peroxide ingathandize kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide m'njira ziwiri. Choyamba, powonjezera makutidwe ndi okosijeni a golidi, amalimbikitsa mapangidwe a golide - cyanide complex mofulumira, kusiya nthawi yocheperapo kuti cyanide igwirizane ndi zitsulo zina. Chachiwiri, hydrogen peroxide imatha kusintha mawonekedwe a ayoni achitsulo osokoneza kuti asachite mocheperapo ndi cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, imatha kusintha ma ferrous ions kukhala ma ferric ions. Ma ion ma ferric ions amapanga zinthu zosakhazikika zokhala ndi cyanide, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cyanide kutayidwa m'mbali zosapindulitsa.

Maphunziro a Nkhani ndi Umboni Woyesera

Zoyeserera zambiri za labotale ndi kuyesa kwa mafakitale zatsimikizira mphamvu ya hydrogen peroxide mu leaching ya cyanide. Pakafukufuku wina wovuta - kukonza miyala ya golide, kuwonjezera hydrogen peroxide ku cyanide leaching solution kunachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa golide ndi 20 - 30% poyerekeza ndi cyanide leaching yachikhalidwe yokhala ndi mpweya wokha. Nthawi ya leaching idachepetsedwanso kwambiri, kuyambira masiku angapo mpaka maola ochepa chabe.

Mu ntchito ya migodi ya golide m'mafakitale, kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide mu njira yochotsera cyanide kunapangitsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide kuchepe ndi 15% koma golide analibe kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe golide ankagwiritsa ntchito. Izi sizinangochepetsa ndalama zogulira cyanide komanso zinachepetsa zoopsa zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide ndi kutaya.

Malingaliro Ogwiritsa Ntchito Hydrogen Peroxide

1. Kukhazikika

Kuchuluka kwa hydrogen peroxide kuti muwonjezere ku cyanide leaching solution kumadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa ore, kuchuluka kwa cyanide kale mu yankho, ndi kukhalapo kwa mchere wina. Nthawi zambiri, kuyika pakati pa 0.1 - 1% (ndi voliyumu) ​​kwapezeka kuti kumagwira ntchito bwino nthawi zambiri. Koma ngati ndendeyo ndi yokwera kwambiri, imatha kuyambitsa - oxidation yazitsulo, kuphatikiza golide. Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kumeneku kungapangitse golide wosasungunuka kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa golide yemwe angabwezedwenso.

2. pH Control

Mulingo wa pH wa yankho la leaching ndi wofunikira kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide. Cyanide leaching nthawi zambiri imachitika pa pH yapamwamba (mozungulira 9 - 12) kuteteza mapangidwe a poizoni wa hydrogen cyanide mpweya. Hydrogen peroxide imakhala yokhazikika pa pH yapamwamba. Komabe, ngati pH ili yokwera kwambiri, imatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya hydrogen peroxide ngati oxidizing. Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera bwino kwa pH kumafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti cyanide ndi hydrogen peroxide zimagwira ntchito bwino mu leaching system.

3. Chitetezo

Hydrogen peroxide ndi amphamvu oxidizing agent ndipo akhoza kukhala owopsa ngati sanagwiridwe bwino. Ikhoza kukwiyitsa khungu ndi maso, ndipo mu mawonekedwe okhazikika, imatha kuphulika. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide mu leaching ya cyanide, njira zotetezera ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodzitetezera, kusunga ndi kusamalira mankhwala moyenera.

Kutsiliza

Hydrogen peroxide yawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu ngati chowonjezera mu njira zochotsera Sodium Cyanide . Mwa kupereka mpweya wowonjezera, kufulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa kuchotsa, ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide, imatha kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito komanso kupindulitsa kwachuma pochotsa zitsulo, makamaka golide. Komabe, monga njira ina iliyonse yamankhwala, kukonza bwino komanso kutsatira kwambiri njira zachitetezo ndikofunikira kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito bwino. Pamene makampani opanga migodi akupitiliza kufunafuna njira zochotsera zogwira mtima komanso zokhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide pochotsa cyanide kungakhale kofunika kwambiri mtsogolo.