Kuwunika ndi Kuwongolera kwa Sodium Cyanide Concentration mu Gold Production

Introduction

Mu makampani opanga golide , njira ya Cyanidation imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa golide kuchokera ku miyala. Sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa njirayi chifukwa imapanga chitsulo chosungunuka ndi golide, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ipatukane ndi miyala. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa Sodium cyanide mu njira yotulutsira golide kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a kuchotsa golide, komanso chilengedwe ndi chitetezo. Kuyang'anira bwino ndi kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa Sodium Cyanide ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza bwino njira zopangira golide.

Kufunika kwa Sodium Cyanide Concentration mu Gold Production

Impact on Gold Extraction Efficiency

Kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide moyenera kumatsimikizira kuti golide ndi sodium cyanide zimachitika bwino pamene pali mpweya. Ngati kuchuluka kwa golide kuli kochepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa golide kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti golide asatuluke bwino komanso kuti golide ayambe kuchira pang'onopang'ono. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kwambiri kungayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosafunikira, ndalama zambiri, komanso zoopsa zachilengedwe. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide mu njira yochotsera madzi kumatsimikiziridwa kudzera mu kafukufuku woyesera komanso machitidwe opangira, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa 0.03% - 0.15% nthawi zambiri.

Kuganizira Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo

Sodium cyanide ndi chinthu chakupha kwambiri. Popanga golide, kutayikira kulikonse kapena kutaya kosayenera kwa mayankho okhala ndi sodium cyanide kumatha kuwononga kwambiri chilengedwe ndikuyika pachiwopsezo thanzi ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito ndi anthu. Kuwongolera moyenera ndende yake kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cyanide yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kutayikira komanso kulemedwa pakumwa madzi oyipa kotsatira. Mwachitsanzo, poyang'anira michira ya migodi ya golide, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa cyanide m'michira kumachepetsedwa kukhala otetezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zochizira. Ku China, muyezo umafunikira kuti kuchuluka kwa cyanide m'michira kuyenera kukhala kosakwana 0.2 mg/L.

Njira Zowunika Kuyika kwa Sodium Cyanide

Traditional Chemical Analysis Njira

Silver Nitrate Titration Njira

Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'migodi ya golide. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti ma ions a siliva amachitira ndi cyanide ions kupanga siliva cyanide complex. Mwa titrating yankho chitsanzo ndi muyezo siliva nitrate njira ndi ntchito chizindikiro, mapeto - mfundo zimene zingadziŵike, ndiyeno ndende ya ayoni cyanide mu yankho akhoza kuwerengedwa. Komabe, njirayi imafuna kusanja pamalopo, ndikutsatiridwa ndi ma laboratory - chithandizo chazitsanzo ndi kalembedwe kake. Ndondomekoyi imatenga nthawi, ndipo pali nthawi yotsalira pakati pa sampuli ndi kupeza zotsatira, zomwe sizingathe kupereka chitsogozo chenicheni cha nthawi yopangira.

Njira ya Colorimetric

Njira ya colorimetric imagwiritsa ntchito ma ion cyanide okhala ndi ma reagents kuti apange chinthu chamitundu. Kuchuluka kwa mtunduwo kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa ayoni a cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, pepala loyesa ndende ya cyanide lopangidwa ndi Beijing Jinsuokun latengera mfundo iyi. Pepala loyesera lili ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi ma cyanide ions kutentha kutentha kuti chisinthe mtundu. Poyerekeza mtundu wa pepala loyesera pambuyo pa kumizidwa mu njira yothetsera chitsanzo ndi mtundu wokhazikika - khadi lofananitsa, kuchuluka kwa ayoni a cyanide mu yankho kumatha kutsimikizika mwachangu. Njirayi ili ndi ubwino wa voliyumu yaying'ono, kusuntha, zosavuta, zotsika mtengo, komanso kuyesa mofulumira. Ndiwoyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa cyanide pamayankho a leaching, mayankho a tailings, ndi njira zina zopangira migodi ya golide monga mulu wa leaching, tank leaching, ndi whole - ore cyanidation. Magawo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapepala oyeserera nthawi zambiri amakhala 0.01% - 1.0%, omwe amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pazambiri zopanga golide.

Modern Instrument - based Monitoring Technologies

Automated Analyzers

Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo, zowunikira zokha zowunikira kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide zidatulukira. Ma analyzer awa amatha kupeza sampuli zokha, kusanthula, ndi zotsatira zake. Mwachitsanzo, osanthula ena amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowunikira jakisoni, womwe umatha kubaya zitsanzo ndi ma reagents mosalekeza mumayendedwe oyenda, kuchitapo kanthu ndikuzindikira pamapaipi, ndikupeza mwachangu mayendedwe olondola. Ma analyzer odzichitira okha ndi odzipangira okha komanso olondola, amachepetsa kulimbikira kwa ogwira ntchito ndikupereka chidziwitso chanthawi yeniyeni pakupanga, komwe kumathandizira kusintha kwanthawi yake kwa magawo opanga.

Njira za Spectroscopic

Spectroscopic njira monga ultraviolet - zooneka spectroscopy ndi ion - kusankha electrode spectroscopy angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuwunika ndende ya sodium cyanide. Ultraviolet - mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amayesa kuyamwa kwa yankho lachitsanzo pamlingo wina wake. Popeza ma cyanide - okhala ndi ma complexes ali ndi nsonga zamayamwidwe amtundu wa ultraviolet - chigawo chowoneka, kuchuluka kwa cyanide kungadziwike pokhazikitsa mayendedwe owongolera. Ion - kusankha electrode spectroscopy amagwiritsa ion - kusankha elekitirodi makamaka cyanide ayoni. Pamene electrode imamizidwa mu njira yothetsera chitsanzo, kusiyana komwe kungakhalepo kumapangidwa chifukwa cha kuyankha kosankha kwa electrode ku ion cyanide, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ayoni a cyanide kumatha kuwerengedwa molingana. Njira zowonera izi ndi zachangu, zolondola, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika pa intaneti popanga.

Njira Zowongolera za Sodium Cyanide Concentration

Kukhathamiritsa kwa Leaching Process

Kusintha kwa Leaching System

M'kati mwa leaching, zinthu monga pH ya yankho, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya zimakhudzanso momwe sodium cyanide ndi golide zimayendera. Mwachitsanzo, kusunga pH mtengo wa njira leaching mu osiyanasiyana 10 - 11 akhoza kuonetsetsa bata cyanide ayoni, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa cyanide mu poizoni wa hydrogen cyanide mpweya, komanso kulimbikitsa kuvunda golide. Kutentha kwa yankho la leaching nthawi zambiri kumakhudza momwe zimachitikira. Ngakhale kuonjezera kutentha kumatha kufulumizitsa zomwe zimachitika, kumathandizanso kumwa sodium cyanide ndipo kungayambitsenso zina. Choncho, m'pofunika kudziwa kutentha koyenera kudzera muzoyesera. Kuonjezera apo, mpweya wokwanira ungapereke mpweya wofunikira kuti uchitepo, koma kutulutsa mpweya wochuluka kungayambitse kutsekemera kwa zinthu zina mu njira yothetsera vutoli ndikukhudzidwa ndi leaching effect. Mwa kukhathamiritsa bwino zinthu izi mu leaching system, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumatha kuwongoleredwa moyenera mkati mwazoyenera.

Kuwongolera Nthawi ya Leaching

Nthawi yotulutsa imagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide. Mu gawo loyambirira la leaching, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumakhala kokwera kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kufulumira. Pamene ndondomeko ya leaching ikupita, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumachepa pang'onopang'ono. Mwa kuwongolera molondola nthawi ya leaching, ndizotheka kuonetsetsa kuti golide wasungunuka kwathunthu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kosafunikira kwa sodium cyanide. Kutsimikiza kwa nthawi ya leaching kuyenera kuganizira zinthu monga mtundu wa ore, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, komanso kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, kwa ores omwe ali ndi golide wambiri komanso cyanide yabwino - leaching katundu, nthawi yocheperako ikhoza kukhala yokwanira; pamene ores zovuta, nthawi yaitali leaching ingafunike.

Yeniyeni - Kuyang'anira nthawi ndi Kuwongolera Ndemanga

Kukhazikitsa Dongosolo Loyang'anira

Kuti mukwaniritse kuwongolera bwino kwa ndende ya sodium cyanide, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa dongosolo lonse lowunikira. Dongosololi liyenera kukhala ndi zida zowunikira pa intaneti za ndende ya sodium cyanide, komanso masensa azinthu zina zofunika monga pH mtengo, kutentha, ndi kuthamanga kwa yankho. Zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi zida zowunikirazi zimaperekedwa munthawi yeniyeni kupita kudongosolo lapakati. Dongosolo loyang'anira lapakati limatha kusanthula ndikusanthula deta iyi, ndipo molingana ndi mawonekedwe owongolera omwe adakhazikitsidwa, apange malangizo owongolera kuti asinthe kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide ndi magawo ena ogwiritsira ntchito.

Feedback Control Mechanism

Kutengera zomwe zachokera munjira yowunikira, njira yowongolera mayankho imakhazikitsidwa. Ngati kuyang'aniridwa ndende ya sodium cyanide kupatuka pa mtengo anapereka, ulamuliro dongosolo basi kusintha Kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndende ndi otsika mtengo anapereka, ulamuliro dongosolo adzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide anawonjezera; ngati ndendeyo ili yochuluka kwambiri, ndalama zowonjezera zidzachepetsedwa. Njira yowongolera mayankho iyi imatha kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide mu njira yolumikizira kumasungidwa nthawi zonse munjira yoyenera, potero kumapangitsa kukhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito akupanga golide.

Kutsiliza

Pakupanga golide, kuwunika ndi kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kutulutsa golide, kuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira, kuphatikizapo njira zamakono zowunikira mankhwala ndi zida zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito zida zamakono, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsera bwino monga kukhathamiritsa ndondomeko ya leaching ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko yeniyeni yowunikira ndi kuwongolera ndemanga, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kuwongolera bwino kwa ndende ya sodium cyanide. Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza chaukadaulo, njira zowunikira komanso zowongolera zotsogola zidzatuluka, ndikupititsa patsogolo chitukuko chokhazikika chamakampani opanga golide.