Kodi njira ya sodium thiosulfate pochiza poizoni wa cyanide ndi iti?

Kupha poizoni wa cyanide ndi vuto lalikulu komanso loopsa lomwe limafuna thandizo lachipatala mwachangu. Sodium thiosulfate ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza poizoni wa cyanide . Nkhaniyi ifufuza mwatsatanetsatane momwe Sodium Thiosulfate imagwirira ntchito polimbana ndi zotsatira za cyanide.

Kumvetsetsa Poizoni wa Cyanide

Cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri. Ikalowa m'thupi, imasiyanitsidwa mwachangu kukhala cyanide ions (CN⁻). Ma ion awa ali ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa ferric ion (Fe³⁺) mu cytochrome oxidase, puloteni yofunikira pakupumira kwa ma cell. Pomanga ku cytochrome oxidase, cyanide imalepheretsa unyolo woyendetsa ma elekitironi, kuteteza maselo kuti asagwiritse ntchito mpweya wabwino. Zotsatira zake, maselo amalephera kupanga adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ndalama yamphamvu ya selo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo afe mofulumira. Zizindikiro za poizoni wa cyanide zingaphatikizepo mutu, chizungulire, kupuma mofulumira, nseru, kusanza, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kukomoka, kukomoka, ndi imfa.

Udindo wa Sodium Thiosulfate mu Chithandizo

Njira yogwira ntchito

Sodium thiosulfate imagwira ntchito ngati wopereka sulfure. Pamaso pa enzyme rhodanese, yomwe imapezeka m'chiwindi ndi minofu ina, sodium thiosulfate imakhudzidwa ndi ayoni a cyanide. Atomu ya sulfure yochokera ku sodium thiosulfate imasamutsidwa ku cyanide ion, ndikusandulika kukhala thiocyanate (SCN⁻). Thiocyanate ndi wocheperako kuposa cyanide ndipo amatha kutulutsidwa m'thupi kudzera mu impso.

Chemical reaction ikhoza kuyimiridwa motere:

CN⁻ + Na₂S₂O₃ → SCN⁻ + Na₂SO₃

Kutembenuka kumeneku kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ayoni wapoizoni wa cyanide m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma kwabwino kwa ma cell kuyambiranso.

Administration mu Chithandizo

Pochiza poizoni wa cyanide, sodium thiosulfate nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Kwa akuluakulu, mlingo woyambirira ndi 12.5 - 25 magalamu (nthawi zambiri monga 25% - 50%). Izi nthawi zambiri zimatsatiridwa ndi mlingo wowonjezera ngati ukufunikira, malingana ndi kuopsa kwa poizoni ndi yankho la wodwalayo. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina, mlingo wachiwiri wa 25 - 50 magalamu (50% yankho) ukhoza kuperekedwa, kapena mlingo ukhoza kuwerengedwa potengera kulemera kwa thupi la wodwalayo pa 0.5 - 1 gramu pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi.

Ana, mlingo amawerengedwa potengera kulemera kwa thupi, nthawi zambiri pa 250 - 500 milligrams pa kilogalamu. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pang'onopang'ono kuti apewe zotsatira zoyipa monga hypotension (kutsika kwa magazi), zomwe zingatheke ngati jekeseni mofulumira kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza ndi Mankhwala Ena

Sodium thiosulfate nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira zina zochizira poyizoni wa cyanide. Chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri ndi nitrites, monga sodium nitrite kapena amyl nitrite. Ma nitrites amagwira ntchito potembenuza hemoglobin kukhala methemoglobin. Methemoglobin ili ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa cyanide ions kuposa cytochrome oxidase. Chifukwa chake, methemoglobin ikapangidwa m'thupi, ayoni a cyanide amamanga nawo, kutulutsa cytochrome oxidase ndikulola kupuma kwa ma cell kuyambiranso. Komabe, cyanide - methemoglobin complex ndi yosakhazikika, ndipo cyanide imatha kutulutsidwanso m'magazi pakapita nthawi. Apa ndipamene sodium thiosulfate imabwera. Posintha cyanide yotulutsidwa kuchokera ku cyanide - methemoglobin kukhala thiocyanate, sodium thiosulfate imapereka njira yayitali yochotsera cyanide m'thupi.

Kuphatikiza pa nitrites, mankhwala ena othandizira amaperekedwanso. Izi zingaphatikizepo chithandizo cha okosijeni wambiri kuti apititse patsogolo katulutsidwe wa okosijeni ku minofu, komanso njira zothetsera zizindikiro monga kukomoka, hypotension, ndi kusalinganika kwa asidi komwe nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi poizoni wa cyanide.

Kuyang'anira ndi Kutsatira - mmwamba

Pambuyo popereka sodium thiosulfate ndi mankhwala ena poyizoni wa cyanide, odwala ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Othandizira azaumoyo adzayang'ana zizindikiro zofunika monga kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupuma kwa mpweya, ndi kupuma kwa oxygen nthawi zonse. Kuyezetsa magazi kungathe kuchitidwa kuti ayese milingo ya cyanide, thiocyanate, ndi zolembera za kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Kuonjezera apo, matenda a mitsempha ya wodwalayo adzayang'anitsitsa, chifukwa poizoni wa cyanide angayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa dongosolo la mitsempha.

Chisamaliro chotsatira ndichofunikanso. Ngakhale ngati wodwalayo akuwoneka kuti wachira poyamba, pangakhale zotsatira za nthawi yayitali monga kuperewera kwa minyewa kapena kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo. Kufufuza nthawi zonse ndi njira zoyenera zothandizira kuti wodwalayo apeze zotsatira zabwino.

Pomaliza, sodium thiosulfate imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochiza poizoni wa cyanide potembenuza ayoni wapaizoni wa cyanide kukhala thiocyanate wapoizoni pang'ono. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena ochiritsira ndi kuyang'anitsitsa koyenera, kungapangitse kwambiri mwayi wopulumuka ndi kuchira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi poizoni wa cyanide.