Kungani I-Sodium Cyanide Isetshenziswa Embonini Yezindwangu?

I-Sodium cyanide (NaCN) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali enesisindo sama-molecule esingu-49.007 g/mol, ebonakala njenge-crystalline solid emhlophe. Inobuthi obukhulu futhi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela okukhulu. Naphezu kobuthi bayo, i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile embonini yezindwangu . Lesi sihloko sizohlola le misebenzi ngokuningiliziwe.

Imiphi imisebenzi eyenzayo I-Sodium Cyanide ungene ukuphrinta kwendwangu kanye nokudaya?

I-Mordant kuzinqubo zokudaya

Ekudayini kwendwangu, i -mordant yinto esetshenziswa ukusiza amadayi ukuthi anamathele endwangu. I-sodium cyanide ingasebenza njenge-mordant ezinqubweni ezithile zokudayi. Yakha ama-complexes anama-ion ensimbi akhona kwamanye amadayi kanye nemicu yendwangu. Isibonelo, uma kwenzeka amadayi emvelo aqukethe ama-chromophores ensimbi (ingxenye ye-molecule ephethe umbala), i-sodium cyanide ingathuthukisa ukubopha phakathi kwedayi kanye ne-fiber. I-cyanide ion (CN⁻) inobuhlobo obuqinile nama-ion ensimbi. Ingakha ama-complexes okuxhumana, okugcina kuvala igebe phakathi kwedayi kanye nendwangu, okuholela ekudayini okuqinile nombala.

I-Synthesis of Textile Fibers

Cishe yonke imicu yokwenziwa esetshenziswa embonini yendwangu incike ku-sodium cyanide phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ekuhlanganisweni kwenayiloni, enye yezintambo zokwenziwa ezivame kakhulu, i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-adiponitrile, eyisihluthulelo esimaphakathi. Indlela yokusabela ibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ukwethula amaqembu e-nitrile. Endabeni yezintambo ze-polyester, nakuba le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile ihilela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nylon, i-sodium cyanide isengakwazi ukubandakanyeka ekuhlanganiseni kwezinye zezinto zokuqala noma ezinkambisweni ezithile ze-catalytic. Le micu yokwenziwa isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yendwangu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezifiselekayo njengamandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokushwabana, kanti i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwayo.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwedayi

I-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni odayi abahlukahlukene abasetshenziselwa ukuphrinta izindwangu nokudaya. Isebenza njengento eluhlaza ekuhlanganisweni kwezinhlobo ezithile zamadayi, ikakhulukazi lawo anezakhiwo zamakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni abanye odayi abasebenzayo, abasetshenziswa kakhulu ukudaya imicu ye-cellulosic njengokotini, i-sodium cyanide ingase ihileleke enqubweni ye-multi-step synthesis. Odayi abasebenzayo bakha izibopho eziqinile nama-molecule e-fiber ngesikhathi sokudaya, okunikeza umbala omuhle kakhulu. Izinhlanganisela eziqukethe i-cyanide zingasetshenziswa ukwakha amaqembu asebenzayo ngaphakathi kwe-molecule kadayi anesibopho salokhu kwakheka kwebhondi eqinile.

Njengoba kunikezwe ubuthi bayo, yikuphi ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kanye nemvelo okukhona mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide embonini yendwangu?

Ukuhogela umoya, ukuthinta isikhumba, noma ukumunca ngisho nenani elincane le-sodium cyanide kungaba yingozi kubantu. Kungabangela amaseli ukuthi angakwazi ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo, okuholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana ngokushesha futhi ekugcineni, uma umthamo owanele umuncwa, ukufa komuntu ngamunye.

Ngokombono wemvelo, ukulahlwa ngendlela efanele kwanoma iyiphi imfucuza equkethe i-sodium cyanide kubalulekile. Uma ikhishelwa emanzini, i-sodium cyanide ingasebenza ku-hydrolyze yakhe igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, nayo enobuthi obudlulele futhi engaba usongo empilweni yasemanzini kanye ne-ecosystem ezungezile. Emazweni amaningi, kunemithetho nemithetho eqinile elawula ukugcinwa, ukuphathwa nokulahlwa kwe-sodium cyanide ezindaweni zezimboni, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokunyathelisa nezindwangu zokudaya. Le mithethonqubo ihlose ukunciphisa ubungozi bezingozi nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide, naphezu kobuthi bayo obaziwayo, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunyatheliseni izindwangu nokudaya, kusukela ekwenzeni udayi - ukubopha indwangu njenge-mordant ibe yingxenye ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwemicu yendwangu kanye nodayi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuthi bayo obukhulu kanye nezingozi ezingase zibe khona kwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kuqashelwe futhi kulawulwe ngokucophelela. Njengoba imboni yezindwangu iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa ezinye izinqubo namakhemikhali angafinyelela imiphumela efanayo ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokusebenzisa i-sodium cyanide.