Kusiyana pakati pa mankhwala zopangira sodium cyanide ndi potaziyamu cyanide

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ndi potassium cyanide (KCN) zonse ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zopangira mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. Komabe, zili ndi makhalidwe osiyana omwe amawasiyanitsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tifufuze kusiyana kwawo mwatsatanetsatane m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

Zida zakuthupi

Maonekedwe

Potassium cyanide nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati mikwingwirima yoyera yozungulira, pomwe sodium cyanide imawoneka ngati ma granules oyera kapena ufa. Kuphatikiza apo, potassium cyanide imatulutsa fungo lowawa la amondi, lomwe lingakhale chizindikiro chodziwika bwino koma chofunikira. Komabe, sodium cyanide ndi yosalala kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zowononga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira kusunga ndikugwira mosamala kwambiri kuti mupewe kuyamwa kwa chinyezi komanso kuwonongeka kwa zotengera zosungiramo.

Melting Point

Ponena za malo osungunuka, potaziyamu cyanide ili ndi malo osungunuka okwera pafupifupi 634.5°C, pomwe Sodium Cyanide imasungunuka pafupifupi 563.7°C. Kusiyana kumeneku kwa malo osungunuka kumatha kukhudza momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'mafakitale komwe kuwongolera kutentha ndikofunikira.

Kutupa

Pankhani ya kusungunuka, potaziyamu cyanide amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndi glycerol, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamadzimadzi. Sodium cyanide, mosiyana, imasonyeza kusungunuka kwa ammonia ndi ethanol, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito muzochitika zenizeni za mankhwala ndi njira zopangira zomwe zimafuna zosungunulirazi.

kachulukidwe

Kuchulukana kwa mankhwala awiriwa kumasiyananso, pomwe potaziyamu cyanide imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 1.52 g/cm³ ndipo Sodium cyanide imakhala yolemera pafupifupi 1.60 g/cm³. Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kumeneku kungakhudze momwe amagwirira ntchito, mayendedwe, ndi kusakaniza m'mafakitale.

Zakudya Zamakono

Reactivity ndi Zinthu Zina

Ponena za reactivity ya mankhwala, potaziyamu cyanide imagwira ntchito ndi ma asidi kuti ipange mpweya woopsa kwambiri wa hydrogen cyanide, zomwe ziyenera kulamulidwa mosamala kuti zisatulutse chinthu chakupha ichi. Sodium cyanide, ikakumana ndi Carbon dioxide, imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimakhudza kusungidwa kwake komanso kukhazikika kwake pakapita nthawi. Potaziyamu cyanide imatulutsa kutentha ikakumana ndi madzi, zomwe zitha kubweretsa zoopsa ngati sizikuyendetsedwa bwino. Sodium cyanide, ikasakanizidwa ndi oxidizers amphamvu, ingayambitse zochitika zophulika, zomwe zikugogomezera kufunika kwa njira zogwirira ntchito mosamala.

Mapulogalamu

Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zamakampani

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa potassium cyanide ndi sodium cyanide kumasiyana kwambiri. Potassium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga ma electroplating, komwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza ubwino ndi kulimba kwa zokutira zachitsulo. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati gawo lapakati pakupanga zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, potassium cyanide imagwira ntchito pokonzekera ferri cyanides , zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula zithunzi ndi njira zina zamankhwala.

Komano, sodium cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga golide. Kutha kwake kupanga zolimba zokhala ndi ma ion a golide kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pakukumba migodi ya golide ndi ntchito zoyenga. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga ma nitriles, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri popanga mankhwala ambiri, mapulasitiki, ndi mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala, ngakhale kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumayendetsedwa bwino chifukwa cha kuopsa kwake.

Zilingaliro Za Chitetezo

Kusamalira ndi Kusunga

Chitetezo ndichofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi potaziyamu cyanide ndi sodium cyanide chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kawo. Potaziyamu cyanide nthawi zambiri amayikidwa mu ng'oma zachitsulo zomata kuti asatayike komanso kuwonekera. Iyenera kunyamulidwa motsatira malamulo owopsa a mankhwala, ndipo kupanga kwake kumafuna njira zotetezeka zotetezera ogwira ntchito kuti asatengeke. Pakakhala kukhudzana ndi khungu ndi potaziyamu cyanide, chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo chimafunika chifukwa chingayambitse poyizoni. Kudya ngakhale pang'ono kumatha kupha.

Sodium cyanide iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira, owuma kuti asatengere chinyezi ndi kuwonongeka. Pogwira, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa chidebe, chifukwa kutayikira kulikonse kungayambitse kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe ndikuyika chiwopsezo chachikulu paumoyo wamunthu. Pakakhala kutayikira kwa sodium cyanide, pali njira zofananira zoyankhira mwadzidzidzi kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi chitetezo cha anthu. Kukoka mpweya wa sodium cyanide kumatha kuwononga kwambiri kupuma, komanso kumabweretsa chiwopsezo choipitsidwa ndi chilengedwe ngati sichikuyendetsedwa bwino.

Pomaliza, ngakhale potaziyamu cyanide ndi sodium cyanide amagawana zomwe zimafanana ndi kawopsedwe koopsa, kusiyana kwawo pazathupi, machitidwe amankhwala, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso zofunikira zachitetezo ndizokulirapo. Kumvetsetsa kusiyanitsa kumeneku ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale. Mitundu yonse iwiriyi imafuna kutsata malamulo okhwima, kusamalitsa mosamala, ndi kasamalidwe koyenera kuti apewe ngozi, kuteteza thanzi la anthu, ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.