Kutaya Moyenera Miyendo Yosiyidwa ya Sodium Cyanide

Introduction

Sodium cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga migodi, electroplating, ndi kupanga mankhwala. Chifukwa cha poizoni wake, Kutaya Moyenera Mabotolo a Sodium Cyanide omwe atsala ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kusagwiritsa ntchito bwino mabotolo awa kungayambitse kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komanso kuopseza thanzi la anthu. Nkhaniyi ipereka chitsogozo chokwanira cha momwe mungatayire mabotolo otere mosamala komanso moyenera.

Kuopsa kwa Zotengera Zotayidwa za Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Ngakhale pang'ono chabe imatha kupha ngati itamezedwa, kupumidwa, kapena ngati itakhudzana ndi khungu. Zidebe zomwe zasiyidwa zingakhalebe ndi sodium cyanide yotsala , yomwe imatha kutuluka pakapita nthawi. Sodium cyanide ikakhudzana ndi madzi kapena ma acid, imatha kupanga mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide, chinthu chosasunthika komanso chakupha kwambiri. Mpweya uwu ndi wolemera kuposa mpweya ndipo ukhoza kuwunjikana m'malo otsika, zomwe zimaika miyoyo ya anthu omwe ali pafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati sodium cyanide yotsalayo ilowa m'nthaka kapena m'madzi, imatha kuipitsa chilengedwe, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zachilengedwe ndikulowa mu unyolo wa chakudya.

Kutsatira Koyang'anira

Tisanayambe ntchito yotaya zinthu, ndikofunikira kudziwa ndikutsata malamulo onse am'deralo, dziko, ndi mayiko. Madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi malamulo enieni okhudza kagwiridwe ndi kutaya zinyalala zowopsa, makamaka zinthu zapoizoni monga sodium cyanide. Malamulowa akukhudza zinthu monga kulemba zinyalala moyenerera, zolembedwa zakutaya zinyalala, komanso kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka malo ovomerezeka otaya zinthu. Kusamvera kungayambitse zilango zazikulu, kuphatikizapo chindapusa chokulirapo ndi mangawa azamalamulo. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lili ndi malamulo okhwima pansi pa Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) omwe amayendetsa kayendetsedwe ka zinyalala zoopsa, zomwe zinyalala zokhudzana ndi sodium cyanide zimagwera pansi.

Pang'onopang'ono - Njira Yotaya

1. Kuwunika Koyamba

Choyamba, m'maso fufuzani anasiya chidebe. Yang'anani ngati pali zizindikiro za kutayikira, dzimbiri, kapena kuwonongeka. Ngati pali kutayikira kowonekera, musayese kusuntha chidebecho popanda kusamala. Chongani malo ozungulira chidebecho kuti musalowemo mosaloledwa.

Yesani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide yomwe yatsala mu chidebecho. Chidziwitsochi chidzakhala chothandiza pazotsatira zotayika, makamaka posankha njira yoyenera yotaya komanso kuchuluka kwa ma reagents ofunikira pamankhwala (ngati kuli koyenera).

2. Njira Zodzitetezera

Valani zida zoyenera zodzitetezera (PPE). Izi zikuphatikizapo magolovesi osamva mankhwala, suti ya thupi lonse ya hazmat, magalasi otetezera chitetezo, ndi chopumira chokhala ndi fyuluta ya mpweya wabwino kwambiri (HEPA) kapena mpweya woyenerera - cartridge yoteteza cyanide.

Gwirani ntchito pamalo olowera mpweya wabwino, makamaka panja kapena m'chipinda choyatsira mpweya ngati chilipo. Ngati mukugwira ntchito panja, sankhani malo kutali ndi komwe kuli anthu, magwero a madzi, ndi ngalande.

Khalani ndi zida zotayira pa standby. Zida zotayira zizikhala ndi zinthu zoyamwitsa, zinthu zosungunulira zinthu (monga sodium hypochlorite solution ya cyanide), ndi zida zoyeretsera zomwe zatayika.

3. Kusindikiza Chidebe (ngati nkotheka)

Ngati chidebecho chili ndi chivindikiro kapena njira yotseka yomwe sinawonongeke, sungani chidebecho mosamala kuti chisatayike. Gwiritsani ntchito zosindikizira zoyenera monga ma duct tepi (makamaka osamva mankhwala) kapena zida zapadera - zosindikizira. Komabe, ngati chidebecho chawonongeka kwambiri, sitepe iyi singakhale yotheka kapena yothandiza.

4. Chithandizo cha Residual Sodium Cyanide (Mwasankha koma Ndikulimbikitsidwa)

Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino yopangira kuti sodium cyanide yotsalayo isakhale poizoni ndi okosijeni. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuchitapo kanthu ndi wothandizira oxidizing ngati potassium permanganate. Mu labotale - wamba kapena yaying'ono - kuchuluka kwake, konzani yankho la potaziyamu permanganate m'madzi pamalo oyenera (nthawi zambiri mozungulira 5 - 10% kulemera kwake). Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani sodium - cyanide - yomwe ili ndi zinthu kuchokera mumtsuko kupita ku njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndikuyambitsa mofatsa. Izi zidzasintha sodium cyanide kukhala chinthu chochepa kwambiri chotchedwa sodium cyanate.

Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito bleach (sodium hypochlorite) ndi sodium hydroxide. Choyamba, sungunulani pang'ono sodium hydroxide m'madzi kuti mupange 5% yankho lamadzi. Kenako, onjezerani sodium - cyanide - yomwe ili ndi zinthu ku yankho ili. Pambuyo pake, onjezerani bleach wambiri. Izi zidzasinthanso sodium cyanide kukhala chinthu chochepa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pogwiritsira ntchito njirayi, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika panja kapena m'dera lokhala ndi mpweya wabwino chifukwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni ukhoza kupangidwa panthawiyi, ndipo ngati chotengeracho chatsekedwa mwamphamvu, kupanikizika kungapangidwe.

5. Kupaka kwa Maulendo

Ikani chidebe chosindikizidwa (kapena chothiridwa) mu chidebe chachiwiri, chotsimikizira kuti chatha. Iyi ikhoza kukhala ng'oma ya pulasitiki yolimba kapena chidebe chapadera chowopsa - zinyalala. Chidebe chachiwiricho chiyenera kulembedwa momveka bwino ndi zilembo zoyenera zowopsa, kusonyeza kuti chili ndi zinyalala zapoizoni ndi zoopsa, makamaka zokhudzana ndi sodium cyanide.

Tetezani chidebecho mkati mwa chidebe chachiwiri kuti mupewe kuyenda panthawi yoyenda. Gwiritsani ntchito zomangira monga thovu kapena kukulunga kuti mutseke chidebe chamkati.

6. Mayendedwe kupita ku Malo Ovomerezeka Otayira

Lumikizanani ndi kampani yonyamula zinyalala yomwe ili ndi chilolezo. Onetsetsani kuti ali ndi luso lonyamula zinthu zoopsa kwambiri monga sodium cyanide. Apatseni zonse zofunika zokhudza zinyalala, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwake, mtundu wa chidebecho, ndi chithandizo chilichonse chimene chachitidwa.

Tsatirani malamulo onse amayendedwe, omwe angaphatikizepo zofunikira panjira, njira zachitetezo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto oyenerera okhala ndi chitetezo monga zosungiramo zinthu.

7. Kutaya Pamalo Ovomerezeka

Malo ovomerezeka otayira zinyalala zowopsa, makamaka zomwe zimagwira ndi zinthu zapoizoni kwambiri monga sodium cyanide, ali ndi zida zapadera komanso njira zowonetsetsa kuti zitayidwa bwino. Malowa angagwiritse ntchito njira monga kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri m'malo olamulidwa kuti awonongeretu sodium cyanide. Panthawi yotentha, sodium cyanide imatenthedwa pa kutentha kwambiri, ndikuisintha kukhala yopanda poizoni kapena yochepa - poizoni ndi - mankhwala monga carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ndi sodium salt.

Malo ena angagwiritsenso ntchito njira zochizira mankhwala kuti apitirize kutulutsa zinyalalazo zisanatayidwe komaliza. Malowa adzagwiranso ntchito ndi phulusa ndi zotsalira zilizonse zomwe zatsala kuchokera kuzinthu zowonongeka motsatira malamulo a chilengedwe.

Post - Kutsimikizira Kutaya

Ntchito yotaya ikatha, pezani satifiketi yakutaya ku malo ovomerezeka. Satifiketi iyi ndi umboni kuti chidebe chosiyidwa cha sodium cyanide chatayidwa bwino potsatira malamulo onse.

Sungani zolemba zonse zomwe zikukhudzidwa pakutaya, kuphatikiza kuwunika koyambirira, njira zachitetezo zomwe zatengedwa, zambiri zamankhwala (ngati zilipo), zolemba zamayendedwe, ndi satifiketi yakutaya. Zolemba izi zitha kufunidwa pakuwunika koyang'anira kapena posunga zolemba zamakampani.

Kutsiliza

Kutaya moyenera ma Sitima za Sodium Cyanide Zosiyidwa ndi njira yovuta komanso yolamulidwa bwino yomwe imafuna chisamaliro chapadera pa tsatanetsatane ndikutsatira kwambiri njira zachitetezo. Potsatira njira zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, kuyambira kuwunika koyambirira mpaka kutaya komaliza pamalo ovomerezeka, zoopsa zokhudzana ndi zitini za poizonizi zitha kuchepetsedwa, kuteteza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Kumbukirani, pochita ndi sodium cyanide, chitetezo nthawi zonse chiyenera kukhala patsogolo.